01

考查賓語從句的引導詞

引導詞主要有以下三種情況：

第一，賓語從句是陳述句的時候，引導詞用that，在口語中可以省略。如：

We believe (that) he is honest.

第二，如果賓語從句是由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換而來的，那么它的引導詞就用if或whether。在一般情況下，這兩個詞可以通用。但是，如果從句中有or not或者從句充當介詞的賓語時，我們只能用whether。如:

I don't know if/whether she will come here.

Sorry, I don't know whether he will come or not.

第三種情況，賓語從句是特殊疑問句的時候，引導詞就用特殊疑問詞，如：

Could you tell me where the post office is?

The teacher asked the students what they were doing.

02

考查賓語從句的時態(tài)

GRADUATION SEASON

英語從句的時態(tài)，主要是由主句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)來決定的，一般分為以下三種情況：

第一，主句的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時或者是祈使句的時候，從句的時態(tài)要根據(jù)具體的情況，選用相應的時態(tài)。如:

He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.

第二，如果主句的時態(tài)是過去時，那么從句的時態(tài)也要用過去相應的某一時態(tài)，如:

She said she missed us very much.

第三，如果從句表示的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象或者是普遍真理的時候，從句的時態(tài)要用一般現(xiàn)在時，如：

He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.

03

考查賓語從句的語序

GRADUATION SEASON

賓語從句的語序問題，要注意以下兩個方面：

1、在含有賓語從句的復合句中，賓語從句是特殊疑問句的時候，要使用陳述語句，我們一起看下面的例句：

I want to know when the train left.

我想知道火車是什么時候離開的。

注意：

1).有些特殊疑問句本身是陳述句語序。如：

What's wrong with...?

Which is the way to...?

What happened to you...?

What's the matter/trouble...?

Who studies the hardest in your class?

2).do you think 后接賓語從句時,特殊疑問詞即引導詞要前置，do you think 作為插入語。如：

Who do you think he is talking with?

Which do you think is the most important invention?

2、在直接引語變間接引語的時候，如果是will, be, have, can組成的疑問句，在變賓語從句的時候，要把這些詞還原，同時要根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)，做相應的變化。

"Will you be free tomorrow?" she asked me?

→She asked me if/whether I would be free tomorrow.

如果是由do, does, did構成的疑問句，在變成賓語從句的時候，要去掉這些詞，并且從句的時態(tài)要根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)作出相應變化，如:

"Does he speak English well?" Mary asked me.

→Mary asked me if/whether he spoke English well.

04

考查賓語從句的否定前移

賓語從句的否定前移，要滿足兩個條件：一個是主句的主語是I或者是we;第二個條件是主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等，從句中的否定，要移到主句謂語動詞的前面，看下面的例句：

I don't suppose he will come.

注意：如果主句主語不是I 或者we，則not不前移。如：

She thinks she can't arrive there on time.

05

考查賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化

賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化有下面四種情況。

1、從句主語和主句主語相同，而且謂語動詞是hope, wish, decide等的時候，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為不定式結構;如果謂語動詞是know, remember ,forget, learn等的時候，從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為疑問詞加不定式結構，如：

We hope that we can see you again.

→We hope to see you again.

I don't know what I should say.

→I don't know what to say.

2、當主句的謂語動詞是ask, tell, show, teach等的時候，并且從句主語和主句的間接賓語一致，從句也可以轉(zhuǎn)化為不定式結構或者是疑問詞加不定式結構。大家看下面例句：

1).Jim tells us that we should draw on the wall.

→Jim tells us not to draw on the wall.

2).Will you please tell me where I can buy this book?

→Will tell me where to buy this book?

3、還有些賓語從句，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為復合賓語的結構形式，經(jīng)常會用到的動詞有find, think, make等，如：

I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.

=I think it necessary for us to learn to wait.

I find she is a good girl.

=I find her a good girl.

4、最后一點，由what引導的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句，來看例句：

We did what we could to help you.

=We did everything (that) we could to help you.

Robert saw what Mr. Smith did.

=Robert saw everything (that) Mr. Smith did.

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