來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-07-12 11:36:54
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一般過去時(shí)的概念
一般過去時(shí)
用來表示過去某一時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)以及過去習(xí)慣性、反復(fù)性的動(dòng)作。謂語動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞的過去式,常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用,如 yesterday 昨天、last night 昨晚、last week 上周、last year 去年、…ago 等。
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一般過去時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)
⒈ Be 動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)
在沒有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子中使用 be 動(dòng)詞 am is 的過去式為was,are 的過去式為 were,was 是表示單數(shù),were 是表示復(fù)數(shù)。
肯定句式:主語+be(was,were)其它
否定句式:主語+be(was,were)+not其它
一般疑問句:Be(was,were)主語+其它?
⒉ 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)態(tài)肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的過去式,否定句和疑問句要使用助動(dòng)詞 did.
肯定句式:主語+動(dòng)詞(過去式)+其它
否定句式:主語+didn't+動(dòng)詞(原形)+其它(did not=didn't)
一般疑問句:Did+主語+動(dòng)詞(原形)+其它(do,does的過去時(shí)均為did)
注:did 和 didn't 是構(gòu)成一般過去時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞,其特點(diǎn)是要在其后跟動(dòng)詞的原形。
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規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式
⒈ 一般情況下,在動(dòng)詞原形后面加-ed
如:looked,played,started,visited,stayed
⒉ 以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,在詞尾直接加-d
如:lived,closed,liked,loved,tasted
⒊ 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,先將y改為i再加-ed
如:study→studied,try→tried,cry-→cried,copy→copied,carry-→carried
⒋以重讀閉音節(jié)(即輔音+元音+輔音)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾,未尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞,要先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后,再加-ed
如:stop→stopped,plan→planned
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不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式
1
is→was
am→was
are→were
do→did
have→had
2
begin→began
ring→rang
run-→ran
drink→drank
sing→sang
swim→swam
sit→sat
give→gave
make→made
come-→came
eat→ate
3
write→wrote
speak→spoke
drive→drove
choose→chose
tell→told
ride→rode
shoot→shot
get→got
win→won
forget→forgot
shake→shook
take→took
stand→stood
4
go→went
meet→met
sleep→slept
sweep→swept
spell→spelt
feel→felt
keep→kept
spend→spent
bend→bent
5
know→knew
fly→flew
blow→blew
grow→grew
throw→threw
draw→drew
特別注意:glow→glowed
6
teach→taught
catch→caught
buy→bought
fight→fought
think→thought
7
find→found
hear→heard
say→said
lie→lay
see→saw
learn→learnt
mean→meant
8
put→put
read→read
cut→cut
let→let
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一般過去時(shí)的用法
⒈ 表示過去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)常有明確的時(shí)間狀語,如 yesterday,last night,some years ago,in 1890 等,以及由 when 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。
例如:
Tom didn't come to class yesterday.
湯姆昨天沒來上課。
We went to dance last night.
昨晚我們?nèi)ヌ枇恕?/p>
Hello! I didn't know you were in London.How long have you been here?
喂!我不知道你在倫敦。你來多久了?
⒉ 表示過去的習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常與 always,often,usually,seldom 等表示頻度的副詞連用。
例如:
Then I was in the countryside,I often called on my old friends there.
我在鄉(xiāng)村里,經(jīng)常去拜訪那里的朋友。
I went to the cinema once a week when I was at school.
我上學(xué)時(shí)每周去看一場(chǎng)電影。
注意:表示過去經(jīng);蚍磸(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,還可用 used to 或 would 加動(dòng)詞原形
例如:
When I stayed at Aunt Liu's,she would tell me about the great changes which had taken place in the village since liberation.
當(dāng)我住在劉大娘家時(shí),她常常告訴我解放以來農(nóng)村發(fā)生的巨大變化。
She used to go for a walk after supper,but now she prefers to stay athome.
她過去晚飯后總出去散步,但現(xiàn)在她卻真歡呆在家里。
⒊ 用來代替過去將來時(shí)。
在條件、時(shí)間狀語從句中,常用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。
例如:
They said they would let us know if they heard any news about him.
他們說如果聽到什么關(guān)于他的消息,就通知我們。
He promised that when he went to the bookstore,he would buy me a book.
他答應(yīng)去書店時(shí)為我買本書。
He said he would not go if it rained.
他說如果天下雨就不去了。
They told us that they would not leave until she came back.
他們告訴我們,直到她回來他們才會(huì)離開。
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真題演練
1. --Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong?
--Well, I___ a test and I'm waiting for the result.
A. will take
B. took
C. had taken
D. take
2. Our friendship ____ quickly over the weeks that followed.
A. had developed
B. was developed
C. would develop
D. developed
3. Peter had intended to take a job in business, but____that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.
A. had abandoned
B. abandoned
C. abandon
D. will abandon
【答案及解析】
1、B
解析:句意:-kevin 你看起來很擔(dān)心,怎么了?-我參加了一次考試,現(xiàn)在正在等結(jié)果。由 I’m waiting for the result 可知是過去參加考試的。
2、D
解析:從時(shí)態(tài)解題的標(biāo)志——時(shí)間狀語上入手,the weeks that followe 的表達(dá)約等于 the last few weeks 這一時(shí)間狀語已經(jīng)把時(shí)間定格在過去,應(yīng)選用一般過去時(shí)。句意:我們的友誼在接下來的幾個(gè)星期里發(fā)展迅速。
3、B
解析:根據(jù) but 提示,是并列句,故前后時(shí)態(tài)一致。與had intended 相呼應(yīng),可知此空應(yīng)在表示過去時(shí)的范圍選擇,由此排除 C、D 選項(xiàng)。且 abandon 動(dòng)作只是陳述了過去所發(fā)生的一件事而已,沒有在 intend 之前,故排除 A 選項(xiàng)(過去的過去),由此可知答案 B 符合文意。一般過去時(shí)表示對(duì)過去所發(fā)生的一件事情的簡(jiǎn)單陳述而已。
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