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區(qū)分主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)

We clean the windows every day.(主動(dòng)語態(tài))

分析

當(dāng)主語we是動(dòng)作clean的發(fā)出者的時(shí)候，這就是一個(gè)主動(dòng)語態(tài)句子。The windowsare cleanedevery day (by us).(被動(dòng)語態(tài))當(dāng)主語the windows是動(dòng)作clean的承受者的時(shí)候，這就是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子。介詞by就是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的標(biāo)志詞。

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成

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除了掌握結(jié)構(gòu)，同學(xué)們還要關(guān)注以下幾個(gè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊用法。

主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義

open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, drive等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它們的主語為物，可用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)意義。

1.This kind of pen writes very smoothly.

look, sound, taste, smell等系動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式來表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。

2.Moon cakes taste good.3.This book is worth reading.

want/need/require+doing相當(dāng)于want/need/require+to be done

4.My bike needsto be repaired.=My bike needsrepairing.

特殊用法

如see, hear, feel, watch, make, let, help在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中常接不帶 to的動(dòng)詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)后則要加上to

有些動(dòng)詞，，如：make sb. do sth. →被動(dòng)：be made to do sth.see sb. do sth. →被動(dòng)：be seen to do sth.help sb. (to) do sth. →被動(dòng)：be helped to do sth.The boss made him work 14 hours a day. That means, hewas made towork14 hours a day.

亮點(diǎn)句型

It is said that/told that… 據(jù)說...

It’s said that our hometown is getting better and better.

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