一、形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的構成規(guī)則

1.一般單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以-er,-ow結尾的雙音節(jié)詞,比較級在后面加-er,最高級在后面加-est;(1)單音節(jié)詞，如：small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortest(2)雙音節(jié)詞，如：clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest2.以不發(fā)音e結尾的單音節(jié)詞,比較在原級后加-r,最高級在原級后加-st;如：large→larger→largest3.在重讀閉音節(jié)(即：輔音+元音+輔音)中,先雙寫末尾的輔音字母,比較級加-er,最高級加-est;如：big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest4.以“輔音字母+y”結尾的雙音節(jié)詞,把y改為i,比較級加-er,最高級加-est;如：easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviest

5.其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,比較級在前面加more,最高級在前面加most;如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differenteasily→more easily→most easily注意：(1)形容詞最高級前通常必須用定冠詞the,副詞最高級前可不用.　The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.(2)形容詞most前面沒有the,不表示最高級的含義,只表示"非常". It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.6.有少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級是不規(guī)則的,必須熟記。如：good/well→better→bestbad/ill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthes

二、形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法

1.“A + be +形容詞比較級+ than + B”，意思為“A比B更……”。如：This tree is taller than that one.這棵樹比那棵樹高。注意：①在含有連詞than的比較級中，前后的比較對象必須是同一范疇，即同類事物之間的比較。②在比較級前面使用much，even, a little, a lot, a bit, far 等詞修飾。A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.③very, quite, so, too, enough只能修飾原級，不能修飾比較級。2.“比較級+ and +比較級”或“more and more +原級”，表示“越來越……”①It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天來了，天氣變得越來越暖和了。②It is getting cooler and cooler.天氣越來越涼爽。③The wind became more and more heavily.風變得越來越大。④Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的學校變得越來越美麗3.在含有or的選擇疑問句中，如果有兩者供選擇，前面的形容詞要用比較級形式。Who is taller, Tim or Tom?誰更高，Tim還是Tom?4. “the +比較級……, the+比較級”，表示“越……越……”。①The moremoney you make,the moreyou spend.錢你賺得越多，花得越多。②The sooner，the better.越快越好。5.表示倍數(shù)的比較級用法：①. A + be +倍數(shù)+ times +the +形容詞對應名詞形式+ of + B.The new building isthree times the height ofthe old one.這座新樓比那座舊樓高三倍。(新樓是舊樓的四倍高)②. A + be +倍數(shù)+ times+as +原級+ as+ B.Asia isfour times as large asEurope.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。(亞洲比歐洲大三倍)③. A + be +序數(shù)詞+比較級+ than + B.Our school istwice bigger thanyours.我們學校比你們學校大兩倍。6.形容詞、副詞的最高級形式主要用來表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比較，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范圍的詞或短語。如：of the three, in our class等等。He is the tallest in our class.他在我們班里是最高的。7.as...as...表示同級比較，意為“像……一樣……”兩個as之間用形容詞副詞的原級。其否定形式為not as/so...as...,意為“不像……那樣……”。①Wang Wei runs as fast as Liu Bin.王偉和劉斌跑的一樣快。②My hometown is not as/so famous as Beijing.我的家鄉(xiāng)沒有北京有名。8.形容詞最高級前面可以加序數(shù)詞，表示：“第幾最……”。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國第二長河。

中招真題演練：

9.形容詞最高級前面可以有形容詞性物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾，此時不能再用冠詞。如：This is our best lesson today.這是我們今天最好的一節(jié)課1.(2015河南)--What a clear blue sky it is! --Yes. I have never seen _____ sky.A.a more bueutifulB.a most beautifulC.the more beautifulD.the most beautiful2.(2015重慶)He has ______ arms now and is able to pick the table up with one hand.A.weakestB.weakerC.strangestD.stranger3.(2015江西)--The scarves are all beautiful. I can't decide which one to choose. --Oh, look at this red one. I think it's ______ .A.beautifulB.more beautifulC.the most beautifulD.less beautiful4.(2015廣東廣州)Emma looked after her pet dog ____ of all her friends.A.carefulB.most carefulC.more carefullyD.the most carefully5.(2015上海)Alex did the project on community service _____ better than his classmates.A.soB.veryC.too D.much

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